![]() ![]() The contents of this digital library curriculum were developed by the Renewable Energy Systems Opportunity for Unified Research Collaboration and Education (RESOURCE) project in the College of Engineering under National Science Foundation GK-12 grant no. RESOURCE GK-12 Program, College of Engineering, University of California Davis © 2014 by Regents of the University of Colorado original © 2013 University of California DavisĮlizabeth Anthony, Scott Strobel, Jacob Teter The San Francisco Exploratorium provides a list of 17 classroom demonstrations of Newton's laws of motion that you may want to incorporate into the unit, in addition to those already provided. In addition, a summative assessment unit quiz is provided as an attachment to lesson 3, to be administered after completion of all three lessons and the activity. The individual lessons include assessment suggestions to implement throughout the unit (discussion questions, exit ticket, homework, etc.). Newton's third law of motion: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. Newton's second law of motion: Force = mass x acceleration (aka F= ma) Newton's first law of motion: Unless an unbalanced force acts on an object, an object at rest stays at rest and an object in motion stays in motion. Learning how Newton's laws apply in everyday situations and devices enables students to be able to describe how objects move and prepares them for the study of more complex physics concepts. To design objects that perform as we want and are safe, engineers must fully understand the workings of the natural physical laws. This includes structures, vehicles and objects such as bridges, rockets, aircraft, seat belts, door knobs and medicine delivery systems. ![]() This engineering curriculum aligns to Next Generation Science Standards ( NGSS).Įngineers apply basic physics concepts such as Newton's laws of motion in a wide range of situations such as designing all sorts of stationary and moving objects, from the massive to the delicate. In a culminating activity, students apply their knowledge of forces, friction, acceleration and gravity in an experiment to measure the average acceleration of a textbook pulled along a table by varying weights, and then test the effects of friction on different surfaces. Lesson 3 builds on the previous two lessons with a review and then introduces Newton's third law of motion. Lesson 2 builds on lesson 1 with a review and then introduces Newton's second law of motion. Lesson 1 starts with inertia, forces and Newton's first law of motion. For each lesson, a combination of class demonstrations and PowerPoint® presentations are used to explain, show and relate the concepts to engineering. However, since the bicycle with smaller tires is traveling faster than the bicycle with the larger tires, it has more kinetic energy (the energy of movement).Through a series of three lessons and one activity, students are introduced to inertia, forces and Newton's three laws of motion. ![]() This is due to the frictional force between the road and the tire.Īccording the the conservation of energy theory, energy cannot be created or destroyed. If you are unsure about all of the forces that act, search google to help you figure out which forces act and then label them with arrows in your diagram.īicycle with thick tires, like mountain bikes, tend to go slower than bicycles with thin tires, like road bikes, when you apply the same amount of force, even if the bicycles are the same weight. Vector diagrams are pictures which include vector arrows to represent all of the forces which act on a single object.ĭraw a vector diagram of a bicycle being pedaled and label all of the forces which act on it. Vectors are represented by arrows and can be added if they face in the same direction or subtracted if they are in the opposite directions. Since forces have both Magnitude (Size) and direction, they are said to be vector quantities. It is helpful when describing forces acting on an object to label their direction. The ideas have been tested and verified so many times over the years that scientists now call them Newton's Three Laws of Motion. In his work, he came up with the three basic ideas that we still use to describe the physics of motion ( up to a point). He worked on developing both calculus and physics at the same time. A little bit stuffy, bad hair, but quite an intelligent guy. There was this fellow in England named Sir Isaac Newton. ![]()
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